Why You Still Live with Higher Flood Risk than Necessary

7/18/2025 – Harris County Flood Control District (HCFCD) under the county’s current Democratic leadership has not put a high priority on improving flood risk in the San Jacinto watershed. That’s despite the fact that the San Jacinto had the highest flooding in Harris County during Harvey. And almost half of the deaths due to Harvey occurred in Kingwood.

“Put Your Money Where Your Mouth Is”

An analysis of spending in all Harris County watersheds shows where the focus has been to date. The table and graphs below show the county’s true priorities.

“Put your money where your mouth is” means you back up your words with action. But that is not happening with 2018 Flood Bond money. Promises made long ago have not been kept. Words do not match actions.

One caveat about the numbers below: During the initial days of the bond, HCFCD contributed money to the Army Corps to complete projects the Corps had been working on in several watersheds: Brays, Hunting, Clear Creek and White Oak. That skewed the figures below slightly.

Total and Construction Spending by Watershed To Date

The table below shows dollars budgeted to each watershed in the 2018 bond. It also shows how much has been spent in total and against construction to date. It is arranged by descending order in the “% Spent” Column. Only one watershed has gone over budget to date: Carpenters. It had three small projects. The other watersheds range from almost 90% spent to 4%.

Calculated from original bond spreadsheet and spending through the first half of 2025 as shown on HCFCD’s website.

Critical Role of Construction in Reducing Flood Risk

Preliminary engineering reviews, feasibility studies and design are absolutely necessary to document the need for a project, determine its scope, and bid it. But they don’t reduce flood risk one iota. They only talk about how to do it.

Only when someone actually starts turning dirt during construction does flood risk start to come down.

The bar graph below compares “total budgeted dollars,” “total dollars spent,” and “construction dollars spent” for each watershed in the 2018 bond.

Note the huge variation in all three columns. The blue “budgeted” bars show the most dramatic difference from high to low.

Beyond that, note how White Oak, Cypress, Greens and Brays are close to $200 million in spending to date and how all four have more than $100 million in construction spending.

Now compare that with the San Jacinto Watershed. It had the fifth largest budget. But…

The San Jacinto ranks second from the bottom both in terms of “% Spent” and “% of Construction $ Spent.”

Other Lake Houston Area watersheds such as Spring Creek, Luce Bayou and Cedar Bayou show similar disparities.

This is not an accident. The cherry-picked metrics in the Rodney Ellis’ Equity Prioritization Framework favor other watersheds and no longer even include flood risk.

Critical Role of Construction

Construction is the most critical component of spending. Historically, it comprises the largest share of a project life cycle.

Eight years after Harvey and seven after passage of the flood bond, we’ve only spent about 17% of the total budget on construction.

Beyond that, comparing individual watersheds with the Brays Bayou watershed shows tremendous disparities in construction spending.

Halls Bayou, for instance, has the highest percentage of people in the county making less than the median income for the region. It also suffered the most “damage per square mile” in five major storms (Harvey, Imelda, Tax Day, Memorial Day and Allison). See below how it compares to Brays, where Rodney Ellis lives.

Halls had far more dollars allocated than Brays, but Ellis’ formula put Halls residents at the back of the bus compared to where he lives in the Brays Bayou watershed.

Halls Bayou was budgeted to receive 55% more dollars than Brays. But it has received far less than half of Brays’ total funding to date. And far less than a quarter of Brays’ construction spending!

The San Jacinto story is similar.

The bond promised the San Jacinto watershed more than Brays. But Brays has received 4 times more total dollars and six times more construction dollars to date.

The Great Irony

We should be coming into the home stretch with this bond money. Far more than half should have been spent by now and far more construction should have been completed or in progress.

The great irony is that both total and construction spending are decreasing when they should be increasing.

I have been told by many people that capacity among construction contractors is not the issue.

From HCFCD Activity Page. Shows spending through Q2 25. Both overall and construction spending would continue to decline even if first half spending were annualized.

And despite having more than $3 billion left to spend, with only one watershed over budget to date by a tiny amount, HCFCD’s Director is talking about a $1.3 billion shortfall without providing any public explanation about her projections. And commissioners are using that as an excuse to cancel projects in watersheds that have received minuscule funding to date.

Posted by Bob Rehak on 7/20/2025

2882 Days since Hurricane Harvey

The thoughts expressed in this post represent opinions on matters of public concern and safety. They are protected by the First Amendment of the US Constitution and the Anti-SLAPP Statute of the Great State of Texas.

Is Flood-Risk Uncertainty Redlining Your Neighborhood?

7/19/25 – Eight years after Harvey, we still don’t have new flood maps. That creates flood-risk uncertainty.

Harris County Flood Control District (HCFCD) has yet to release flood maps based on Atlas-14 data developed 4 years ago. HCFCD says it is waiting for FEMA to approve its maps, but FEMA delays have dragged on for years. And FEMA doesn’t need to approve the maps for many purposes.

Meanwhile, studies have found that flood-risk uncertainty may be causing lenders to raise mortgage rates and credit requirements. It’s also causing insurers to leave markets with uncertain risk or not renew policies that may be a mortgage requirement.

The ripple effects of flood-risk uncertainty affect everyone. But they weigh most heavily on low-to-moderate income (LMI) groups with less discretionary income. Those groups may find themselves priced out of the housing market as lenders and insurers seek to cover their uncertain risks.

Worse, any resident – rich or poor – may unknowingly buy a home that they thought was flood safe only to see a flood destroy it.

Ripple Effects of Flood-Risk Uncertainty

Studies show that flood-risk uncertainty may:

  • Induce people to buy homes they think are safer than they really are
  • Cause mortgage lenders to tack extra points onto their mortgages or raise downpayment requirements
  • Lead lenders to force buyers to purchase flood insurance they may not need
  • Increase flood-insurance rates to a level that makes monthly mortgage payments unaffordable for many.

Those factors affect all income groups. But those with lower incomes and less job security feel the greatest impact and may find themselves priced out of markets.

Spreading Impacts of Uncertainty

This week, First Street Foundation hosted a fascinating hour-long webinar about how FEMA cuts will impact real estate, lending, home buying, home building, and insurance markets.

The uncertainty affects tolerance for risk in all those markets. No one knows yet how the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) will be affected.

But the absence of up-to-date flood maps, or any flood maps at all in some cases, complicates that risk. A New York Fed study in 2024 found that lenders were more reluctant to originate loans in “hidden-risk” zones. When they do, they loan less, charge higher rates, impose stricter credit requirements, and may resell the mortgages to offload risk. The study also found “This effect is weaker for high income applicants.”

I know the owner of a billion-dollar bank who has withdrawn entirely from residential mortgage lending because of the uncertainty.

Federal Government Shedding Risk

According to First Street, policy shifts at the federal level seem intended to transfer the risk of weather disasters onto property owners, investors, lenders, and local governments. 

Example: Instead of subsidizing flood insurance like it used to, FEMA’s new Risk-Rating 2.0 is making NFIP rates more closely reflect losses.

On average, NFIP policy costs have increased 35% under Risk-Rating 2.0 so far. And annual rate increases are capped by law.

Meanwhile, developers continue to build in risky areas, elevating homes only enough to meet the outdated requirements of flood maps developed 20 to 50 years ago. Most people underestimate the risk associated with that.

No Legal Reason to Wait for FEMA

Some people think that only FEMA can release flood maps. That’s not true. Only FEMA can release maps used by NFIP as the basis for national flood insurance. But states and counties can release their own maps for their own purposes.

Counties elsewhere have done so to help guide development, make regulatory decisions, establish stormwater detention standards, raise building codes and improve floodplain management.

For all those purposes, HCFCD embarked on a massive effort to update the county’s flood maps after Harvey. But then the county balked for some reason.

The District, submitted its new maps to FEMA and expected FEMA to issue new preliminary flood-insurance rate maps by Spring or Summer in 2022. That didn’t happen.

MAAPnext FEMA timeline for flood map release explains uncertainty
Screen Capture from June 2021 MAAPnext update.

HCFCD then issued a statement in July 2022. For unspecified reasons, it said it would wait and “… follow FEMA’s formal, regulatory FIRM [flood insurance rate map] update process.” (Despite other urgent, non-insurance-related needs.)

Some claimed at the time that Precinct 2 Commissioner Adrian Garcia held up release of the new maps to enhance his re-election chances. I have been unable to verify that. But one thing is certain.

Nothing legally prevents HCFCD from releasing its flood maps.

Yet as you read this, developers in Harris County and surrounding areas are filing permit applications to build infrastructure and homes in areas that will likely flood. One fought all the way to the Texas Supreme Court for the right to build in a flood-prone area.

And Ryko wants to build 7,000 homes in another flood-prone area west of Kingwood. Just one problem: the homes could be under 7 to 25 feet of water – or more – if we get another Harvey.

Unsuspecting families who buy such homes based on antiquated flood maps face huge flood and financial risk.

Shakespeare was right. “What’s past is prologue.” Of the 154,170 homes that flooded in Harris County during Harvey, 64% did not have flood insurance…largely because of unrecognized risk.

Insurance Exodus

Unrecognized risk is also wreaking havoc in the insurance market. ChatGPT produced this table of insurers withdrawing or reducing coverage in high-risk states.

StateInsurers Withdrawing or Reducing Coverage
CaliforniaState Farm, Allstate, AIG, Chubb
FloridaState Farm FL, Farmers, AAA, UPC Insurance (exited), plus others post-2004
Louisiana~20 insurers left high-risk parishes; Lighthouse went insolvent
Across coastal/high-risk statesAIG, AXA, Chubb pulling back

In Texas, I’m not aware of any insurers leaving the state. At least, not yet. But several (State Farm, Farmers, and Allstate) have reportedly restricted coverage. They do that primarily through non-renewals at policy expiration if flood-risk changes (i.e., with new maps) or a property experiences a flood loss.

Make New Flood Maps Public Now

Concealing information from people that puts their lives and life savings at risk is just plain cruel.

To keep residents safe, give them the best available data NOW. And let them decide how much risk they can tolerate based on fact, not fiction.

Posted by Bob Rehak on 7/19/2025

2881 Days since Hurricane Harvey

The Inequities of Equity: Ellis’ Watershed Receives as Much CIP Spending as 12 Others Put Together

7/16/25 – Brays Bayou, the watershed where Harris County Precinct 1 Commissioner Rodney Ellis lives, has received virtually as much capital-improvement spending as 12 other watersheds put together. The county has 23 watersheds in all. So…

Ellis’ watershed received as much capital-improvement funding as half of all other watersheds combined.

For this analysis, I focused on Capital Improvement spending because it actually reduces flood risk. Maintenance usually keeps flood risk from getting worse.

The 12 “have not” watersheds include:

Bottom 12 watersheds in HCFCD Capital Improvement Project Spending between 2018 Q3 and 2025 Q2

In contrast, Ellis’ watershed benefited from $170.58 million in capital improvement spending.

Highest Flooding, Lowest Funding

Among the 12 are the San Jacinto River and Spring Creek Watersheds. They had the highest flooding in Harris County during Harvey.

worst first
Chart showing feet above flood stage of 33 gages of misc. bayous in Harris County during Harvey.

How to Explore the Data Yourself

I obtained the spending figures from a Microsoft Power BI table on the Harris County Flood Control District (HCFCD) website’s Activity page.

Capital Improvement spending from all sources between the start of the flood bond in 2018 and the end of 2025 Q2.

To see CIP spending, select “CIP” under the Project-Group filter on the left. That removes “maintenance expenditures.” Now dig deeper.

“District Funds” Even More Skewed

As I explored the data, I found another inequity. The District has spent $281 million from its own budget since 2018 Q3 (as opposed to bond or partner funds). To see this, leave CIP selected and select “District Funds” under Fund Source.

The seven watersheds at the bottom received a tiny percentage of Brays – Ellis’ watershed.

Ellis’ watershed (Brays) also received the lion’s share of this pot of money – almost $58 million. More than one fifth of all District Funds spent in seven years went to the watershed Rodney Ellis lives in.

Meanwhile, the San Jacinto Watershed – the county’s largest – received only about $3 thousand. That’s 17,000 times less.

District Funds spent in the San Jacinto watershed don’t even round to one-hundredth of a million dollars – only $3,430.

Other area watersheds didn’t fare much better:

  • Cedar Bayou received $2.64 million
  • Jackson Bayou received $1.64 million
  • Spring Creek received $996 thousand
  • Luce Bayou received $137 thousand.

Ellis Hogs “Construction” Spending, Too

This skewed funding is a direct result of statistical gerrymandering in Ellis’ race-based Equity Prioritization Framework.

By almost any metric you look at, you see the same discrimination. Consider “construction” spending. Why? Money spent on upfront engineering studies and land acquisition doesn’t reduce flood risk one iota until someone actually starts turning dirt. Real reductions in flood risk begin with construction.

Ellis’ watershed received $126.58 million to date in construction spending. But the San Jacinto watershed has received only $18.49 million – one seventh of what Ellis gave himself.

It’s good to be king of commissioners court. You even get to filibuster about how Kingwood is getting all the money while Greens and Halls get none.

Download the spreadsheet on the HCFCD Activity page above the Power BI tables. Sort the 13,155 invoices paid to date since the start of the flood bond. You will see that…

Greens Bayou received $112 million capital improvement construction dollars; Halls Bayou received $27 million and Kingwood received ZERO.

No Fairness, No Future

The language and project lists associated with the 2018 flood bond were promises designed to reassure voters that the bond money would be distributed fairly throughout the county. So far, that promise has been broken.

And there’s no hint that the distribution of aid would be any better if we voted another $5 billion. This Commissioners Court has ignored the requirements in the bond language that voters approved.

And with the 2022 Bond which had a billion dollar drainage component, they first pledged an equal distribution of funds among precincts. Then AFTER voters approved the bond, they reversed their own motion.

I fear for the future of Harris County if this unfairness continues. Why would anyone vote for another bond?

Posted by Bob Rehak on 7/16/25.

2879 Days since Hurricane Harvey

The thoughts expressed in this post represent opinions on matters of public concern and safety. They are protected by the First Amendment of the US Constitution and the Anti-SLAPP Statute of the Great State of Texas.